Computer-Aided Design (CAD) software generates a digital 3D model of the part. The CAD model is converted into a file format (examples are: STL, OBJ, and DXF).
Slicing software slices down the 3D model into a series of 2D layered slices.
The 3D printer interprets these slices in the actual build process until the object is complete.
Supportive structures may be needed in the prototyping model to avoid distortion or warping. Prototypes may require post-processing such as sanding, cleaning, and painting, to achieve a good surface finish.
Rapid prototyping is used to reduce cost and lead time when producing a new product. Prototypes first exist as a concept before a physical validation of the model (called proof of concept) is produced. This enables a team to know where to go in the next step of the iteration process. To maximize a rapid prototyping process, some things have to be considered, including:
The early stage prototypes are almost always the roughest. They are usually made with different materials and in different colors.
After the prototype has been identified in its roughest form, the next step is post-processing, which helps improve the quality of the product and meet requirements
After every process, the prototype is transitioned to a functional prototype: although it may not be fully functional yet. At this stage, prototypes are usually created with materials that will be used in the development of the end product. The performance is assessed to see if it closely matches the desired result. Questions that may arise include: how well does it adapt to a stipulated condition, does it fit at the proposed point in an assembly?
Engineers use rapid prototyping in quickly developing prototype models directly from CAD files. Rather than simply relying on the conceptual framework, engineers can revise their designs based on the feedback from real-world testing. They can see how the final or actual product looks and operates before moving on to mass production.
